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Manchu history is how evolved

OHTN2017-10-14Wes lee

Manchu history is very long. According to historical records, the Manchu ancestors Sushen thousand years BC That emissary tribute to the Zhou "Stone Arrows." To the Han Dynasty, Sushen is known as Lou Yi, said the Wuji Northern and Southern Dynasties, Sui called Mohe. Sumo Mohe Go of Balhae leader by Tang Jun Wang called the Bohai Sea, the establishment of Bohai Kingdom, which is the first local government in the history of the Manchu. 12th century, descendants of Blackwater Mohe tribes rise Wan Yan, 1115 established the Golden State, which is Manchu ancestors established a second local government. By the late 16th century AD, outstanding leader of statehood Jurchen Nurhaci unified Jurchen ministries to Jurchen as the core, to absorb the other tribe, such as the Evenki people, Oroqen, Xibe, Hezhen, Daur, etc., forming a Manchu first national Community human body.

Manchu history is how evolved

Banners Manchuria, including early Jurchen statehood, Hercynian Jurchen, East China Sea and Heilongjiang Jurchen Jurchen. Jurchen period in the clan system "where troops hunting ...... each party with family Tuen Walled the line." The family here that the party is kinship, a family related by blood; Tuen Walled say is geopolitical relations, saying that white is a stockade, a rural, village, an ethnic group or some place of greater scope. Its grass-roots organization called Niru, Niru manager called Zhang Jing, translated into Chinese is Zuoling. After Jurchen incorporated into the flag borrow, return to working life forever Zuoling management, this system has been maintained to the abdication of the Qing Revolution perish.

Family party, Tuen Mun Village is natural, but the flag is compiled by Zuoling according to a government decree, with a great deal of mandatory and binding. Manchu Qing Dynasty under strict fixed Zuoling. Live, then living in one; line, the unity of action; hunting, combat troops by Zuoling management, transferred to a new earth are still inhabited. Zuoling public hearing things, family things to listen to the patriarch of weddings married, Which Which generation, what is the old name by the patriarch tube, women are born male fertility to the Registrar of the patriarch, not inbreeding, nor will incest. After the Revolution, abandoned the Eight Banners system. Zuoling and patriarch (Manchu called Mukunda) have gone, lost most ancient records burned, so now many people find it difficult to know their Manchu old surname.

Nurhachu after the death of his ninth son of Taiji emperor ascended the throne in 1635, the Lunar October 13 as awarded gold section, changed after the gold is clear, the Jurchen changed Manzhu Manchuria or family, but a Manchu word still does not appear. Before the Revolution, Sun Yat-sen in order to "drive out the Manchus, restore China" slogan for the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty. After the establishment of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen rescheduled republic of five nationalities: back to the Han Mongolian Tibetan, Manchu before they have a say, but still relatively vague statement, mostly known as social or ethnic flag banner. People chat conversation, ask you flag? The answer is or is not, do not ask is full, Mongolian, Han. To the birth of new China in 1949, began formally known as Manchu.

We had a statistical Late to the early Republic of China, Beijing as the second home of the Manchu has a population of more than 60 million people. When Zhang Xun Restoration, some of the top Qingui to Regent Palace, Zai Feng to mobilize support for the restoration reappear. Zai Feng was severe tongue-lashing, saying restoration is unpopular, and the results or beheaded, or more than 60 million people were deported to the Northeast home.

In 1949, Beijing registered the Manchu population of 20,000 people, accounting for 1% of the population of Beijing.

In 1982, the third census, Manchu 11.6 million, accounting for 1.3% of the population of Beijing, accounting for 36% of minority population, it is the second in Beijing Minorities. Hui was 18.5 million people, ranked first, accounting for 2% of Beijing's population, accounting for 57.8% minority population.

In 1990, the fourth national census, there are 9.82 million Manchu people, second only to the Han and Zhuang, ranking third in the country.

In 2000, Beijing Manchu population of 25 million people, just under the Han, ranked second in the city. At that time, Beijing Manchu Manchu only 2% of the country's population.

Beijing is the second home of the Manchu, Manchu Beijing notable feature is mostly home to genealogy can be found in old Beijing. Most of them follow Junji Emperor and Duoergun into the customs, lived in Beijing for many generations, what did ancient ancestors, where home city, which family, the cemetery where, doubled genealogy, clearly. Beijing Manchu has also become an important witness on behalf of the vicissitudes of history and local culture of Beijing.

Over the years Manchu full assimilation with the Han, played down the national language, many languages ​​have become Beijing dialect, the text also become a dead text. Regime change in Chinese history, the new dynasty to overthrow the old North Korea, most of the Banning of the former palace and moved the capital, and Qing is fully accepted, inheritance (Dole offerings Kong Dali, offering Zhu Yuanzhang Kang Xi six southern hills), I think one reason is that Manchu rulers fundamentally think they have always been one of the Chinese nation, not an outsider, are brothers. ancestral ancestral hall, the emperors Kangxi and Qianlong many times for sorting, the last before the Edict of Kangxi Sheng Ming Chong Zhen Emperor or tolerance policy, allowed to enter the ancestral ancestral hall. Emperor Qianlong was also stressed that: without a break, such as the "Chinese system order, without a break, such as the line."

Beijing Manchu from 1644 into the customs, has been three hundred years. At that time, the Manchu Eight Banners soldiers stationed around the country are mostly sent from Beijing to go.

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2017-10-14Wes lee69

Manchu history is how evolvedManchu history is very long. According to historical records, the Manchu ancestors Sushen thousand years BC That emissary tribute to the Zhou "Stone Arrows." To the Han Dynasty, Sushen is known as Lou Yi, said the Wuji Northern and Southern Dynasties, S…